Age Of The Bosses Essays - Political Boss, Political Terminology

Age Of The Bosses Essays - Political Boss, Political Terminology Age Of The Bosses As industrialization caused cites to grow in leaps and bounds, political bosses started to take power. As the 19th Century came to a close, almost every sizable city had a political boss, or at least had one rising to power. Tons of immigrants from every part of the world began to pour into the major cities. Cities have had diversity in the past, but the huge diversity of the American cities was unique. The only thing the new immigrants had in common with each other was the dream of becoming rich and the poverty of their current state. Unfortunately, so many different people with so little in common often left tension between different groups on the edge of becoming violent outbreaks. The famous Tammany set the example early on of how to broaden it's own appeal to people of all races and ethnic groups. Not long after, the other bosses did the same. The bosses did much to clean up some neighbors and prevent violence, but of course it always had the ulterior motive of securing votes fo r their own power. Their corruption often lead to their downfall, such as William Tweed, who died in 1878, penniless and imprisoned. On of the main power gaining tools for the bosses was the ability to give employment to people. The people would sign onto these payrolls even when padded, since any employment was better than no employment. Another platform was the sale and regulation of liquor. Though becoming somewhat unpopular among some Americans, Europeans were appealed by the bosses' support of liquor. Also appealed were many middle class members of society who, though not needing financial aid, did enjoy the consumption of alcoholic beverages. Many businesses also were dependent on the local government cooperating with their operation and expansion. This expansion also attracted more people to the city, thus they fed and grew off each other, expansion of business and population. The boom in population meant that the city had to accommodate the new people and the services they n eeded. Yet history repeats itself, as greed and conventional thinking prevent the institution of social services that could have met the new needs and the governments began to loose control. The men who rose to power as the boss of their city were more than often a common man at birth who immigrated and seized the opportunity presented by industrialized cities. The bosses no longer exist today since public education has made for the smarter voter. Few immigrants with nothing to loose and everything to gain also contributed to the demise of the bosses. In the end, the bosses brought about the new style of municipal government, which still works today. Bibliography After the Fact

Age Of The Bosses Essays - Political Boss, Political Terminology

Age Of The Bosses Essays - Political Boss, Political Terminology Age Of The Bosses As industrialization caused cites to grow in leaps and bounds, political bosses started to take power. As the 19th Century came to a close, almost every sizable city had a political boss, or at least had one rising to power. Tons of immigrants from every part of the world began to pour into the major cities. Cities have had diversity in the past, but the huge diversity of the American cities was unique. The only thing the new immigrants had in common with each other was the dream of becoming rich and the poverty of their current state. Unfortunately, so many different people with so little in common often left tension between different groups on the edge of becoming violent outbreaks. The famous Tammany set the example early on of how to broaden it's own appeal to people of all races and ethnic groups. Not long after, the other bosses did the same. The bosses did much to clean up some neighbors and prevent violence, but of course it always had the ulterior motive of securing votes fo r their own power. Their corruption often lead to their downfall, such as William Tweed, who died in 1878, penniless and imprisoned. On of the main power gaining tools for the bosses was the ability to give employment to people. The people would sign onto these payrolls even when padded, since any employment was better than no employment. Another platform was the sale and regulation of liquor. Though becoming somewhat unpopular among some Americans, Europeans were appealed by the bosses' support of liquor. Also appealed were many middle class members of society who, though not needing financial aid, did enjoy the consumption of alcoholic beverages. Many businesses also were dependent on the local government cooperating with their operation and expansion. This expansion also attracted more people to the city, thus they fed and grew off each other, expansion of business and population. The boom in population meant that the city had to accommodate the new people and the services they n eeded. Yet history repeats itself, as greed and conventional thinking prevent the institution of social services that could have met the new needs and the governments began to loose control. The men who rose to power as the boss of their city were more than often a common man at birth who immigrated and seized the opportunity presented by industrialized cities. The bosses no longer exist today since public education has made for the smarter voter. Few immigrants with nothing to loose and everything to gain also contributed to the demise of the bosses. In the end, the bosses brought about the new style of municipal government, which still works today. Bibliography After the Fact

Age Of The Bosses Essays - Political Boss, Political Terminology

Age Of The Bosses Essays - Political Boss, Political Terminology Age Of The Bosses As industrialization caused cites to grow in leaps and bounds, political bosses started to take power. As the 19th Century came to a close, almost every sizable city had a political boss, or at least had one rising to power. Tons of immigrants from every part of the world began to pour into the major cities. Cities have had diversity in the past, but the huge diversity of the American cities was unique. The only thing the new immigrants had in common with each other was the dream of becoming rich and the poverty of their current state. Unfortunately, so many different people with so little in common often left tension between different groups on the edge of becoming violent outbreaks. The famous Tammany set the example early on of how to broaden it's own appeal to people of all races and ethnic groups. Not long after, the other bosses did the same. The bosses did much to clean up some neighbors and prevent violence, but of course it always had the ulterior motive of securing votes fo r their own power. Their corruption often lead to their downfall, such as William Tweed, who died in 1878, penniless and imprisoned. On of the main power gaining tools for the bosses was the ability to give employment to people. The people would sign onto these payrolls even when padded, since any employment was better than no employment. Another platform was the sale and regulation of liquor. Though becoming somewhat unpopular among some Americans, Europeans were appealed by the bosses' support of liquor. Also appealed were many middle class members of society who, though not needing financial aid, did enjoy the consumption of alcoholic beverages. Many businesses also were dependent on the local government cooperating with their operation and expansion. This expansion also attracted more people to the city, thus they fed and grew off each other, expansion of business and population. The boom in population meant that the city had to accommodate the new people and the services they n eeded. Yet history repeats itself, as greed and conventional thinking prevent the institution of social services that could have met the new needs and the governments began to loose control. The men who rose to power as the boss of their city were more than often a common man at birth who immigrated and seized the opportunity presented by industrialized cities. The bosses no longer exist today since public education has made for the smarter voter. Few immigrants with nothing to loose and everything to gain also contributed to the demise of the bosses. In the end, the bosses brought about the new style of municipal government, which still works today. Bibliography After the Fact

Taking a Final Exam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Taking a Final Exam - Essay Example This will not result in a high grade because information needs to be taken in gradually. If you have revised all your study material leading up to the exam, then it is best not to do any study on the day of the exam because your mind needs to be relaxed and at ease. Carrying on from this idea, part of your preparation is getting enough rest the night before a crucial exam. The likelihood is that tiredness will cause you to perform below your capabilities. A rested mind increases the chances of doing well because you will be able to think clearly when answering each question. Furthermore, you can better prepare for a final exam by giving yourself short quizzes to check if you know the material. This can be best done with one of your classmates—you can even quiz each other. These questions should simple questions from your textbook. In conclusion, exam preparation is a key part of performing well on a final exam. If you fail to prepare properly for a final exam, then you should expect to do poorly. On the other hand, if you study all your material, rest your mind, and quiz yourself, the chances of scoring highly will increase dramatically. The more of these tips that can be done means it is more likely that you will attain a good

Ethical Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ethical Development - Essay Example Either way it is a stage that we all go through. For me, even with all the identity crisis, this stage was a learning process. My adolescence development was a success because of the immense support given by my parents and siblings. I am biologically mature and psychologically prepared to face the adulthood life challenges. During this time I learnt that honesty is a virtue. With the confusion of identity discovery, I learnt that doing things in line with my spiritual self was good enough to reconnect me with my lost source which is important to establish an ego structure. An ego identity is essential in making a career choice (Erikson) or even marriage partner and that is what I have to realize even though I am still on a journey to establishing my career. My adolescence stage, I can say, taught me the principle of commitment and trust. Even though fidelity was achieved, trust and commitment towards what we undertake mirrors the internal fidelity within. Trusting myself has enabled me to have a healthy relationship with other people. I believe having that inner intuition and an internal guidance system wil l help in making future life choices as well as keep me safe from myself. Like other adolescents I was caught up in the tension between internal forces within me and the society expectation of me. The pressure from the society on behaving in certain ways and dressing in particular manners was too much that it made me unsure of what I really wanted. In thought, the society needs to understand that it is a stage and leave the adolescents to go through it in peace, but if that was the case, we would all be a lost generation. In reality the society tries the best way it knows to bring sanity to the individual. What they do not understand is that the adolescent stage is a cunning one and if they do not rebel, they will do whatever is said for the sake of it. This was the challenge I

Reasons for Re Launching Electric Car †Reva Essay Example for Free

Reasons for Re Launching Electric Car – Reva Essay Introduction : The Reva Electric Car Company (RECC) was founded in 1994 by Chetan Maini, as a joint venture between the Maini Group of Bangalore and Amerigon Electric Vehicle Technologies (AEVT Inc. ) of the USA. The companys sole aim was to develop and produce an affordable compact electric car. Several other automakers were also aiming to do so, but in 2001 RECC launched the REVA Reva, started off with a bang : The first electric car in India and the people behind the car were confident of the success of the car. Plans were set and the forecasting team estimated that 1500 cars would be sold by the end of the first year. Three years after its launch, Reva barely managed to sell a total of 300 cars. Reva was subsequently pulled off Indian markets. On May 26th 2010, Mahindra Group bought a 55. 2% majority stake in Reva and now has plans of relaunching the car in Indian markets. This article explores reasons for the failure of Reva and what should be Mahindra Reva’s Strategy for achieving success in the Indian market. * Reva was positioned as a â€Å"Green, low operating cost car†. The marketing strategy when Reva was first launched mainly concentrated on the car being green and the first of its type in the electric car segment. But this was not enough to create ripples amongst the consumers. * With a small size, easy to drive (no clutch or gear) and slow speed, Reva was targeted at small families, old couples and female drivers. While Reva had a beneficial cost proposition of only Rs. 0. 40 paise per km travelled, it was not a cheap car. Priced at around Rs. 3. 75 lakhs, people would have preferred to purchase a Maruti Zen or an Alto which are within the same price range. The major problem with Reva was that it was perceived to be a low cost car, but it was actually not. Also it was not a car that the rich wanted to buy, as it looked below their league. In one word, Reva, was a total misfit. * Aesthetically, Reva did not appeal to the youth. It was not fast, did not have a high range, had high maintenance problems (100 % charging needed 8 hours) and was not meant for long drives. The small car space and the design made it look like a rather uncomfortable car. People do advocate being green but they are not willing to sacrifice their comfort for it. * The marketing campaign for Reva also was not an aggressive one. The car made news for itself for being the first electric car in the Indian market but no marketing effort was made to create ripples in the customers. The buzz through promotions and advertisements was very low. There was no excitement and curiosity created in the minds of the consumers before the product launch. A research done by me amongst 50 female drivers, 35 elderly people (50+ age) and 20 couples has helped me come up with the following customer value hierarchy for a Car: 1. Core benefit: Takes you from one place to another without an inconvenience. 2. Basic product: Easy to drive, comfortable seats and leg room, high mileage. 3. Expected Product: Safety, does not break down, easy to repair. 4. Augmented Product: Speed, smooth on road, Stylish. 5. Potential Product: Environment friendly. As seen the points bolded in red font are the ones that Reva clearly misses. Not being able to satisfy the core, basic and expected product benefits has been a major miss in the marketing strategy of Reva. If Reva has to be successful it has to first cater to these customer benefits, satisfy them and then only will being environment friendly be a product differentiator. Reva had expected to sell around 1500 cars in its first year itself. After 3 years, Reva managed to sell only about350 odd cars. This is a definite failure in the first innings of Reva. However the fact that it is the only one in the electric car market, a proper marketing strategy can help it become a success. Reva’s Second Innings: A Re-launch Strategy It is not like Green cars are boring and cannot be successful. Take the example of Roadster Tesla an electric car which is the coolest and one of the most aspired cars in the automobile market. So surely there is no reason for Reva to fail if it is marketed in the right way. If the car is able to satisfy the core, basic and expected benefits of its target audience then we have a winner on our hands. In today’s, Global warming era. Being green is in fact the in thing. But just Green Cannot Sell. Reva should market itself on its other facets as well. Consider the slogan below for marketing Reva: Reva: â€Å"Easy to drive, Stylish, Comfortable Car †¦ By the way, we are also Green† The easy to drive attribute is already present in Reva. Reva needs to do slight alterations in its design to make it look more stylish, ergonomically designed for seating and safety needs. As given in the figure above, Reva should look at targeting the growing female car owners. Also it should target the young and old couples, who find the cuteness factor in the car, exciting enough to purchase it. Reva should be promoted as a â€Å"Fun† car to hang out with. Promotions The Reva advertisements should not hire any stars to advertise it. Instead it should look at taking the common office going man, the girl next door, the college couple to brand it. This will ensure that its target audience connect to the advertisement and Reva to a greater extent. The greenness in Reva can be subtly highlighted in the advertisements. The promotion ideas for both print and television advertisements are: 1. The office goer: How because of heavy traffic he used to reach late to office and get reprimanded by his boss. How now Reva has made him reach office in time and get promotions. Catch line: â€Å"Traffic problems. No Problem. Reva is here† 2. The girl next door: How Reva has made her independent. Highlight the ease and comfort of driving the car in the advertisement. Catch line: â€Å"Get Independent. Do The Reva† 3. The lovebirds: A part by part ad series in which an old couple get nostalgic on how they started their love story in a Reva and their memories associated with the Reva car. Highlight the comfort of the Reva car. Catch line: â€Å"Reva getting you closer† Social media promotions – Low cost and high effect. 1. Social gaming applications in which users play a car racing game and get green credits for using the Reva Car. This will help spread the Reva brand virally. 2. Get expert reviews on the Reva car and publish them on the Reva Blog. 3. Have a contest in which users can upload their Reva moment on YouTube. Also upload YouTube videos to show how Reva makes a greener world. 4. Have, â€Å"The Spacious Reva Contest†: Customers try to fit in as many of their friends in a Reva car and upload a picture of it on Facebook. The one with maximum likes would win the contest. 5. Listen to what your customers are saying about Reva, how are they feeling about Reva? Have you managed to create the right buzz? Social media would tell you instantly and help you to do any kind of damage control if necessary. The social media is a good measure on how well your marketing strategy has worked. In conclusion , Reva has already in its â€Å"First Innings†, highlighted its attribute of being a Green Car. The â€Å"Second Innings† strategy that has been mentioned will market Reva as an easy to drive, safe, stylish and comfortable car. Thus satisfying the core, basic and expected needs of its customers which will help the Reva car become a success story. While the Mahindra brand name and its distribution network and capabilities in the Indian market should definitely benefit Reva, in having a successful second innings. The strategy outlined above should help Reva preventing burns and scars the second time round.

The Nature of Duality in Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Essay

The Nature of Duality in Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde It has long been debated that there are two sides to the human mind. Many philosophers have stressed on the fact that human beings are 'dual creatures’. There is the duality of good and evil, right and wrong, joy and despair. There always is the desire to do something which is against the society, against the laws, although this varies from person to person. Robert Stevenson brings the possibility of another self in one person to life in his creation of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. His novel is a rich tale of the duality of mankind. We all have a split personality in a sense, we have two sides to us: right and wrong. There is a Mr. Hyde in all of us: anger, frustration, murderous thoughts all prevail in us although we have evolved so much. Morals, education, helping and unselfishness are the Jekyll side of us. Stevenson believed that people knew they had a bad side, but they all refuse to accept the truth, as the ‘dark side’ is so unpleasant. The novel demonstrates how innocent curiosity about the darker elements of our nature can soon get out of hand, how the evil triumphs over good if let out of control. Stevenson portrays duality in almost all of his characters, mainly Dr. Henry Jekyll. The symbols used, the narrative viewpoints and the language use by Stevenson also puts forward the dual nature of man. The philosophical context of the novella also is another factor which Stevenson cleverly uses. Stevenson creates a novel of gothic genre, which was extremely popular at the time of release. And the bottom line of the novel is to entertain the reader. The nature of duality, the philosophical context, the scientific context, symbolism, and hy... ...onality. Darwin’s theory of evolution and Freud’s creation of psychoanalysis are well portrayed in this novel. Overall, Stevenson clearly implies that humans are a mixture of ‘good’ and evil’ and challenges the ‘human perfectibility’, which was presumed for the upper class at the time. I particularly enjoyed this novel as it was exploring various themes at the same time. One interesting point is that, when Jekyll made up the ‘transforming draught’, it never was intended to turn him evil. It was just his desires which propelled him to being Hyde. The potion just acted as a catalyst and in the end it was Jekyll who destroyed himself. We had discussed this in class and it struck me as it wasn’t an evil potion. This also shows that Jekyll wanted to break through the Victorian laws and meet his inner desires, which leads us back to the ‘nature of duality’.